Dietary fat guidelines have no evidence base: where next for public health nutritional advice?
Zoe Harcombe, PhDDietary fat guidelines have prevailed for almost 40 years. The evidence base at the time of their introduction has been examined for the first time and found lacking. Evidence currently available provides no additional support. Public health opinion differed when the guidelines were introduced. Opposition to the guidelines is becoming more strident. Substantial increases in diet-related…
Read More >>LDL-C does not cause cardiovascular disease: a comprehensive review of the current literature
Michel de Lorgeril, David M Diamond, Rokuro Hama, Tomohito Hamazaki, Björn Hammarskjöld, Niamh Hynes, Malcolm Kendrick, Peter H Langsjoen, Luca Mascitelli, Kilmer S McCully, Harumi Okuyama ORCID Icon, Paul J Rosch, Tore Schersten, Sherif Sultan & Ralf SundbergFor half a century, a high level of total cholesterol (TC) or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been considered to be the major cause of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and statin treatment has been widely promoted for cardiovascular prevention. However, there is an increasing understanding that the mechanisms are more complicated and that statin…
Read More >>Fasting Lipoprotein and Postprandial Triacylglycerol Responses to a Lowcarbohydrate Diet Supplemented With n-3 Fatty Acids
Jeff S. Volek, PhD, RD; Ana L. Gómez , MS; William J. Kraemer , PhDSingle arm prospective with 10 Participants: A hypocaloric low-carbohydrate diet rich in MUFA and supplemented with n-3 fatty acids significantly reduced postabsorptive and postprandial TG in men that were not hypertriglyceridemic as a group before the diet. This may be viewed as a clinically significant positive adaptation in terms of cardiovascular risk status.
Read More >>Effect of 6-month Adherence to a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet Program
Eric C Westman, MD, MHS; William S Yancy, MD; Joel S Edman, DSc; Keith F Tomlin; Christine E Perkins, MSWSingle arm prospective with 51 participants: In these subjects, the mean body weight decreased 10.3% +/- 5.9% from baseline to 6 months. The mean percentage of body weight that was fat decreased 2.9% +/- 3.2% from baseline to 6 months. Serum total cholesterol level decreased 11 +/- 26 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level decreased 10…
Read More >>Results of Use of Metformin and Replacement of Starch With Saturated Fat in Diets of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
James H. Hays; Robert T. Gorman; K. M. M. ShakirRetrospective chart review: Addition of saturated fat and removal of starch from a highmonounsaturated fat and starch-restricted diet improved glycemic control and were associated with weight loss without detectable adverse effects on serum lipids.
Read More >>An Isoenergetic Very Low Carbohydrate Diet Improves Serum HDL Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol Concentrations, the Total Cholesterol to HDL Cholesterol Ratio and Postprandial Pipemic Responses Compared With a Low Fat Diet in Normal Weight, Normolipidemic Women
Jeff S. Volek; Matthew J. Sharman; Ana L. Gómez; Timothy P. Scheett; William J. KraemerRamdomized crossover with 10 participants: In normal weight, normolipidemic women, a short-term very low carbohydrate diet modestly increased LDL-C, yet there were favorable effects on cardiovascular disease risk status by virtue of a relatively larger increase in HDL-C and a decrease in fasting and postprandial triaclyglycerols.
Read More >>Effects of a Lowcarbohydrate Diet on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Overweight Adolescents
Stephen B. Sondike, MD; Nancy Copperman, MS, RD; Marc S. Jacobson, MDRCT with 30 participants: To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet with those of a low-fat (LF) diet on weight loss and serum lipids in overweight adolescents. The LC group lost more weight (mean, 9.9 +/- 9.3 kg vs 4.1 +/- 4.9 kg) and had improvement in non-HDL cholesterol levels. There were no adverse…
Read More >>A Low-carbohydrate as Compared With a Lowfat Diet in Severe Obesity
Frederick F. Samaha, MD; Nayyar Iqbal, MD; Prakash Seshadri, MD; Kathryn L. Chicano, CRNP; Denise A. Daily, RD; Joyce McGrory, CRNP; Terrence Williams, BS; Monica Williams, BS; Edward J. Gracely, PhD; and Linda Stern, MDRCT with 132 participants: Severely obese subjects with a high prevalence of diabetes or the metabolic syndrome lost more weight during six months on a carbohydrate-restricted diet than on a calorie- and fatrestricted diet, with a relative improvement in insulin sensitivity and triglyceride levels, even after adjustment for the amount of weight lost.
Read More >>Clinical Use of a Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet to Treat the Dyslipidemia of the Metabolic Syndrome
Joseph T. Hickey; Lisa Hickey ; William S. YancyJr.; Juanita Hepburn; Eric C. WestmanRetrospective Cohort: A carbohydrate-restricted diet recommendation led to improvements in lipid profiles and lipoprotein subclass traits of the metabolic syndrome in a clinical outpatient setting, and should be considered as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome.
Read More >>Effect of a High Saturated Fat and No-starch Diet on Serum Lipid Subfractions in Patients With Documented Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
James H. Hays, MD; Angela DiSabatino, RN, MS; Robert T. Gorman, PhD; Simi Vincent, PhD, MD; Michael E. Stillabower, MDProspective single arm: To determine whether a diet of high saturated fat and avoidance of starch (HSF-SA) results in weight loss without adverse effects on serum lipids in obese nondiabetic patients. HSF-SA diet results in weight loss after 6 weeks without adverse effects on serum lipid levels verified by nuclear magnetic resonance, and further weight loss…
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